Tuxá language
| Tuxá | |
|---|---|
| Rodela | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Bahia, Pernambuco |
| Ethnicity | Tuxá |
| Extinct | after 1960s? |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tud |
| Glottolog | tuxa1239 |
Tuxá (Tusha; also Todela ~ Rodela, Carapató, Payacú) was the eastern Brazilian language of the Tuxá people, who now speak Portuguese and Dzubukuá.[2] The language was believed to have ceased being spoken in the late 19th century, but in the 1960s a research team found two women that had been expelled from the Tuxa tribe in Bahia who knew some thirty words.
It was spoken along the São Francisco River near Glória, Bahia, and was reported by Loukotka (1968) to have more recently been in the village of Rodelas, Pernambuco (now part of Bahia).[3]
Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968)
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[3]
gloss Tushá ear kramakeːCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text tooth takaíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text man zyunkurunCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text sun enkeːCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text moon zyerõmeːkeːCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text earth zyerintinCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text
Pompeu (1958)
Tushá vocabulary collected by Antônio Likaro e Cordorina in Rodelas:[4]
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Tushá sol sun enkêCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text lua moon jerõmêkêCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text céu sky eisrêmêkêCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text terra earth jerintinCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text Rio São Francisco São Francisco River KaleshíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text homem man junkurunCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text mulher woman lãkãtíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text menino boy jitíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text menina girl kaitíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text cabelo hair tixíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text dente tooth takaíCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text orelha ear kramákêCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text cachimbo smoking pipe tôrúCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text teiú Tupinambis lizard tishiriúCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text
Meader (1978)
In 1961, Wilbur Pickering recorded the following word list in Juazeiro, Bahia from Maria Dias dos Santos. She was an elderly rememberer of Tuxá who was born in Rodelas, but later moved to Juazeiro.[5]
Portuguese gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Tuxá água water ˈmiˈaŋgaCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text cabeça head kaˈkaCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text cabelo hair kakaˈiCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text cachorro dog kašuˈiCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text carne meat oˈtišiCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text criança (menino) child (boy) guřituˈiCategory:Articles containing Tuxá-language text fogo fire toˈe fumo smoke paˈka muitas many kalatuˈi muitas cabeças many heads kalatuˈi kaˈka ovelha sheep alvεˈmą panela pan ˈmunduřu sol sun šaˈřola pessoa suja dirty person ˈšuvaˈd̯ya acangatara acangatara
(type of ceremonial feather headband)ˈgoxo cachaça cachaça auˈřiŋka cachimbo smoking pipe maˈlaku chocalho rattle mařaˈka deus God tumˈpą dinheiro money kaːmˈba farinha flour koˈñuna gado cattle gadiˈma melancia watermelon ˈvεřdoˈa negro black tupiˈʌŋka peba six-banded armadillo kabulεˈtε porco pig ˈmokoˈxε preá Brazilian guinea pig šuˈřį soldado soldier sokoˈdo tatu armadillo putiˈa trempe twitch mυsˈtřυ̨ urubu vulture uˈřikuˈři tutuˈa (?) quem gosta de apreciar o Guarani who likes to enjoy the Guarani kalamaˈši; kalatuˈi; kaˈlamototuˈa
References
- ↑ "Glottolog 5.2 - Tuxá". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2025-06-07.
- ↑ Durazzo, Leandro (2022-05-16). "Revitalização de Línguas Indígenas por Meio de Documentos Coloniais Digitalizados: Comentário Sobre a Retomada do Idioma Dzubukuá pelo Povo Tuxá da Bahia, Brasil". Diffractions (in Portuguese): 6–25 Páginas. doi:10.34632/DIFFRACTIONS.2022.10224.Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
- 1 2 Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
- ↑ Pompeu Sobrinho, Thomaz. 1958. Línguas Tapuias desconhecidas do Nordeste: Alguns vocabulários inéditos. Boletim de Antropologia (Fortaleza-Ceará) 2. 3-19.
- ↑ Meader, Robert E. (1978). Indios do Nordeste: Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro (in Portuguese). Brasilia: SIL International.Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
- Meader, R. E. (1978). Indios do nordeste. Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro (PDF). Brasilia: SIL Internacional. (Tuxá wordlist §3.8, p30)
- Fabre, Alain (2005). "Tuxá". Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos (PDF).
Category:Articles containing Tuxá-language text
Category:Articles with short description
Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
Category:Extinct languages of South America
Category:Indigenous languages of Northeastern Brazil
Category:Language articles with unreferenced extinction date
Category:Language isolates of South America
Category:Languages extinct in the 19th century
Category:Short description is different from Wikidata