ゆ
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Japanese

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Pronunciation
Category:Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent#ゆEtymology 1
Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 由 in the cursive sōsho style.
Syllable
ゆ • (yuCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#ゆCategory:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ゆ) Category:Japanese lemmas#ゆCategory:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#ゆCategory:Japanese syllables#ゆCategory:Japanese hiragana#ゆCategory:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
- The hiragana syllable ゆ (yu). Its equivalent in katakana is ユ (yu). It is the thirty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is や行う段 (ya-gyō u-dan, “row ya, section u”).
See also
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of ゆ – see the following entries. |
(This term, ゆ (yu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as ゆ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ゆ.) |
(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 遊, 由, 油, 喩, 愉, 諭, 輸, 癒, 諛.)Category:Japanese redlinks/ja-see#ゆCategory:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
Etymology 3
Category:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆEtymology 4
From Old JapaneseCategory:Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese#ゆCategory:Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese#ゆ.
Suffix
ゆ • (-yuCategory:Japanese links with redundant wikilinks#ゆCategory:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ゆ) Category:Japanese lemmas#ゆCategory:Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys#ゆCategory:Japanese suffixes#ゆCategory:Japanese hiragana#ゆCategory:Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
- (Classical JapaneseCategory:Classical Japanese#ゆ) attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
Conjugation
Stem forms | |||
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Irrealis (未然形) | え | え | -e |
Continuative (連用形) | え | え | -e |
Terminal (終止形) | ゆ | ゆ | -yu |
Attributive (連体形) | ゆる | ゆる | -yuru |
Realis (已然形) | ゆれ | ゆれ | -yure |
Imperative (命令形) | えよ | えよ | -eyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | えず | えず | -ezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ゆれど | ゆれど | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ゆれば | ゆれば | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | えば | えば | -eba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | えき | えき | -eki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | えけり | えけり | -ekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | えつ | えつ | -etu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | えぬ | えぬ | -enu |
Perfect-continuative tense | えたり | えたり | -etari |
Volitional | えむ | えむ | -emu |
Derived terms
- あらゆる (arayuru)Category:Japanese links with redundant alt parameters#ゆ
- 所謂 (iwayuru)
Okinawan
Etymology
From Proto-RyukyuanCategory:Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan#ゆCategory:Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan#ゆ *wo, from Proto-JaponicCategory:Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic#ゆCategory:Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Japonic#ゆ *wo.
Pronunciation
Particle
ゆ (yu) Category:Okinawan lemmas#ゆCategory:Okinawan terms with redundant sortkeys#ゆCategory:Okinawan particles#ゆCategory:Okinawan hiragana#ゆCategory:Okinawan entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
- (archaicCategory:Okinawan terms with archaic senses#ゆ, literaryCategory:Okinawan literary terms#ゆ, with transitive verb) accusative case particle
- 誰ゆ恨みとぅてぃ鳴ちゅが浜千鳥。
- Taru-yu uramituti nachuga hamachiduri.
- Who do you hate when you sing, the plover on the beach?
- 誰ゆ恨みとぅてぃ鳴ちゅが浜千鳥。
- (archaicCategory:Okinawan terms with archaic senses#ゆ, literaryCategory:Okinawan literary terms#ゆ, with intransitive verb) away from, off
- (archaicCategory:Okinawan terms with archaic senses#ゆ, literaryCategory:Okinawan literary terms#ゆ, with intransitive verb) along, following a specified route, track, orbit, etc.
Usage notes
In modern Okinawan parlance this accusative particle is simply omitted from direct objects and the like, turning the language into a marked nominative language.
References
- “ゆCategory:Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes#ゆ” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
- “ユ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
Alternative spelling |
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所 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Category:Requests for etymologies in Old Japanese entries#ゆ
Suffix
ゆ (-yu)Category:Old Japanese lemmas#ゆCategory:Old Japanese suffixes#ゆCategory:Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
- attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
Usage notes
- The alternative kanji spelling of this verb suffix derives from Middle ChineseCategory:Old Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese#ゆ 所 (srjoX), a prefix attached to verbs to form noun phrases, indicating the patient of the verb, similar to a passive participle. In writing, this is used prefixally as in Chinese, by adding it before the kanji of the verb. The resulting compound is read as the irrealis stem of the verb plus the terminal ゆ (yu) or attributive ゆる (yuru), depending on the grammar required by the syntax. Examples are 所謂 (ipayuru), 所念 (omopoyu), 所見 (mi1yu), 所聞 (ki1ko2yu), 所知 (sirayu).
Conjugation
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 𛀁 | 𛀁 | -ye |
Continuative (連用形) | 𛀁 | 𛀁 | -ye |
Terminal (終止形) | ゆ | ゆ | -yu |
Attributive (連体形) | ゆる | ゆる | -yuru |
Realis (已然形) | ゆれ | ゆれ | -yure |
Imperative (命令形) | 𛀁よ | 𛀁よ | -yeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 𛀁ず | 𛀁ず | -yezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ゆれど | ゆれど | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ゆれば | ゆれば | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | 𛀁ば | 𛀁ば | -yeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 𛀁き | 𛀁き | -yeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 𛀁けり | 𛀁けり | -yekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 𛀁つ | 𛀁つ | -yetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 𛀁ぬ | 𛀁ぬ | -yenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 𛀁たり | 𛀁たり | -yetari |
Volitional | 𛀁む | 𛀁む | -yemu |
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Category:Requests for etymologies in Old Japanese entries#ゆ
Particle
ゆ (yu)Category:Old Japanese lemmas#ゆCategory:Old Japanese particles#ゆCategory:Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
Derived terms
- ゆり (yuri)
Descendants
- Japanese: より (yori)
Etymology 3
From Proto-JaponicCategory:Old Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic#ゆ *yu.
Noun
ゆ (yu)Category:Old Japanese lemmas#ゆCategory:Old Japanese nouns#ゆCategory:Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header#ゆCategory:Pages with entries#ゆCategory:Pages with 3 entries#ゆ
- 湯: hot water, hot spring