API:Rollback/zh

Category:MediaWiki action API/zh
MediaWiki版本:
1.12

对指定页面由一位用户所做的最后一系列编辑进行退回的POST请求

此功能与历史界面中提供的rollback链接效果是一样的。

action=rollback

(main | rollback)
  • This module requires read rights.
  • This module requires write rights.
  • This module only accepts POST requests.
  • Source: MediaWiki
  • License: GPL-2.0-or-later

Undo the last edit to the page.

If the last user who edited the page made multiple edits in a row, they will all be rolled back.

Specific parameters:
Other general parameters are available.
title

Title of the page to roll back. Cannot be used together with pageid.

pageid

Page ID of the page to roll back. Cannot be used together with title.

Type: integer
tags

Tags to apply to the rollback.

Values (separate with | or alternative): AWB, convenient-discussions
user

Name of the user whose edits are to be rolled back.

This parameter is required.
Type: user, by any of username, IP, Temporary user, interwiki name (e.g. "prefix>ExampleName") and user ID (e.g. "#12345")
summary

Custom edit summary. If empty, default summary will be used.

Default: (empty)
markbot

Mark the reverted edits and the revert as bot edits.

Type: boolean (details)
watchlist

Unconditionally add or remove the page from the current user's watchlist, use preferences (ignored for bot users) or do not change watch.

One of the following values: nochange, preferences, unwatch, watch
Default: preferences
watchlistexpiry

Watchlist expiry timestamp. Omit this parameter entirely to leave the current expiry unchanged.

Type: expiry (details)
token

A "rollback" token retrieved from action=query&meta=tokens

For compatibility, the token used in the web UI is also accepted.

This parameter is required.
Examples:
Roll back the last edits to page MediaWiki by user Example.
api.php?action=rollback&title=MediaWiki&user=Example&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]
Roll back the last edits to page MediaWiki by IP user 192.0.2.5 with summary Reverting vandalism, and mark those edits and the revert as bot edits.
api.php?action=rollback&title=MediaWiki&user=192.0.2.5&token=123ABC&summary=Reverting%20vandalism&markbot=1 [open in sandbox]

发出任何POST请求都是一个多步骤的过程:

  1. 使用中描述的方法之一登录。
  2. 获取CSRF令牌
  3. 发送带有CSRF令牌的POST请求,以在页面上执行操作,并在这一过程中获得给定页面的editpage权限:
  4. GET a rollback token:

POST请求

发送一个带有回退令牌的POST请求,以退回用户对沙盒页面的编辑。

在本例中,所有的参数通过GET请求传递,只是为了便于理解。实际上, action=rollback 需要以POST方式请求,以GET方式请求将报错。

回应

下面的响应部分是用于最终POST请求的,用于退回对沙盒页面的编辑。

{
    "rollback": {
        "title": "Sandbox",
        "pageid": 94542,
        "summary": "Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/41.190.3.231|41.190.3.231]] ([[User talk:41.190.3.231|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:Didicodes|Didicodes]]",
        "revid": 381084,
        "old_revid": 381083,
        "last_revid": 381070
    }
}

回应中的修订ID为:

  • revid - 回退创建的新修订版的ID。
  • old_revid - 正在回退的最新修订版的ID。回退之前,这是当前版本。
  • last_revid - 回退恢复的修订版本的ID。这是已回退的最新修订版本。

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

"""
    rollback.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `rollback` module: Sending post request to rollback the
    last edits made to a given page.

    MIT license
"""
import requests

S = requests.Session()

URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"

# Step 1: Retrieve a login token
PARAMS_1 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "type": "login",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_1)
DATA = R.json()

LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['logintoken']

# Step 2: Send a post request to login. Use of main account for login is not
# supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
# (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
PARAMS_2 = {
    "action": "login",
    "lgname": "bot_user_name",
    "lgpassword": "bot_password",
    "lgtoken": LOGIN_TOKEN,
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_2)

# Step 3: While logged in, retrieve a CSRF token
PARAMS_3 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_3)
DATA = R.json()

CSRF_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"]

# Step 4: POST request to edit a page
PARAMS_4 = {
    "action": "edit",
    "title": "Project:Sandbox",
    "token": CSRF_TOKEN,
    "format": "json",
    "appendtext": "Hello"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_4)

# Step 5: Retrieve a rollback token
PARAMS_5 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "type": "rollback",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_5)
DATA = R.json()

ROLLBACK_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['rollbacktoken']

# Step 5: POST request to rollback a page
PARAMS_6 = {
    "action": "rollback",
    "format": "json",
    "title": "Project:Sandbox",
    "user": "bot_user_name",
    "token": ROLLBACK_TOKEN,
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_6)
DATA = R.json()

print(DATA)

PHP

<?php

/*
    rollback.php

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `rollback` module: Sending post request to rollback the
    edits of a given page.
    MIT license
*/

$endPoint = "http://dev.wiki.local.wmftest.net:8080/w/api.php";

$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2
$rollback_Token = getRollbackToken(); // Step 3
rollback( $rollback_Token ); // Step 4

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params1 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "login",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params2 = [
		"action" => "login",
		"lgname" => "bot_user_name",
		"lgpassword" => "bot_password",
		"lgtoken" => $logintoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch rollback token
function getRollbackToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params3 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "rollback",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params3 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["rollbacktoken"];
}

// Step 4: POST request to rollback a page
function rollback( $rollback_Token ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params4 = [
		"action" => "rollback",
		"title" => "Project:Sandbox",
		"user" => "10.0.2.2",
		"token" => $rollback_Token,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params4 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	echo ( $output );
}

JavaScript

/*  
    rollback.js
 
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `rollback` module: Sending post request to rollback the
    edits of a given page.

    MIT license
*/

var request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
    url = "http://dev.wiki.local.wmftest.net:8080/w/api.php";

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
    var params_0 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "login",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
    });
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. 
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
    var params_1 = {
        action: "login",
        lgname: "bot_username",
        lgpassword: "bot_password",
        lgtoken: login_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        getRollbackToken();
    });
}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch Rollback token
function getRollbackToken() {
    var params_2 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "rollback",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        rollback(data.query.tokens.rollbacktoken);
    });
}

// Step 4: POST request to rollback a page
function rollback(rollback_token) {
    var params_3 = {
        action: "rollback",
        title: "Project:Sandbox",
        user: "10.0.2.2",
        token: rollback_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_3 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        console.log(body);
    });
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

MediaWiki JS

/*
	rollback.js

	MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `rollback` module: Sending post request to rollback the
    last edits made to a given page.

	MIT License
*/

var params = {
		action: 'rollback',
		title: 'Sandbox',
		user: '10.0.2.2',
		format: 'json'
	},
	api = new mw.Api();

api.postWithToken( 'rollback', params ).done( function ( data ) {
	console.log( data );
} );

权限

回退需要在目标页面上同时拥有editrollback权限;目前,这意味着OAuth消费者、机器人密码等,都需要editpagerollback授权——单独的rollback是不够的!

可能的错误

通常情况之外:

alreadyrolled 您尝试回退的页面已近被回退
missingparams 参数titlepageid中至少有一个是必需的。
mustpostparams 回退模块需要POST请求。
notitle title参数必须被设置。
notoken token参数必须被设置。
nouser user参数必须被设置。
onlyauthor 您尝试回退的页面只有一个编辑者
permissiondenied 您请求的操作仅限于以下用户组之一:管理员, 回退员

参数历史

  • v1.24: 启用pageid
  • v1.27: 启用tags
  • v1.17: 启用watchlist

补充资料

  • 可选的是,回退与与被回退的编辑均可被标记为机器人操作,可在Special:RecentChanges中默认不显示。

參見

Category:MediaWiki action API/zh