Cette page fait partie de la documentation de l'API MediaWiki Action.

Il est possible que l'API MediaWiki demande à votre application ou au client de fournir les certificats d'authentification de l'utilisateur et de se connecter pour: (a) des demandes d'informations ou des actions de modification de données, (b) ou faire des requêtes plus larges avec une limite plus élevée du nombre de résultats par requête.

Deux méthodes pour authentifier

Il y a deux manières de s'authentifier auprès de l'API action de MediaWiki : en utilisant action=login ou action=clientlogin.

Méthode 1. action=login

Les robots et les autres application non interactives doivent utiliser les consommateurs OAuth des auteurs seulement si disponibles car il sont davantage sécurisés. S'ils ne sont pas disponibles, ou ne peuvent s'appliquer au client, vous pouvez utiliser l'action login avec les mots de passe des robots.

Documentation de l'API

La documentation qui suit est le résultat de Special:ApiHelp/login, généré automatiquement par la version pre-release de MediaWiki utilisée sur ce site (MediaWiki.org).

action=login (lg)

(main | login)

• This module requires write rights.
• This module only accepts POST requests.
• Source: MediaWiki
• License: GPL-2.0-or-later

Log in and get authentication cookies.

This action should only be used in combination with Special:BotPasswords; use for main-account login is deprecated and may fail without warning. To safely log in to the main account, use action=clientlogin.

• https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:Login

Specific parameters:

Other general parameters are available.

lgname

Username.

lgpassword

Password.

lgdomain

Domain (optional).

lgtoken

A "login" token retrieved from action=query&meta=tokens

Example:

Log in.

api.php?action=login&lgname=user&lgpassword=password&lgtoken=123ABC [open in sandbox]

{  
   "login": {  
      "lguserid": 21,
      "result": "Success",
      "lgusername": "William"
   }
}

Exemple de code

/*
	login.js
	MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Login` module: Sending request to login
	MIT License
*/

var api = new mw.Api();

api.login( 'your_bot_username', 'your_bot_password' ).done( function ( data ) {
	console.log( 'You are logged in as ' + data.login.lgusername );
} );

/*
	edit.js

	MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Login` module: Sending post request to login

	MIT license
*/

var request = require( 'request' ).defaults( { jar: true } ),
	url = 'https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php';

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	var params = {
		action: 'query',
		meta: 'tokens',
		type: 'login',
		format: 'json'
	};

	request.get( { url: url, qs: params }, function ( error, res, body ) {
		var data;
		if ( error ) {
			return;
		}
		data = JSON.parse( body );
		loginRequest( data.query.tokens.logintoken );
	} );
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in.
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( loginToken ) {
	var params = {
		action: 'login',
		lgname: 'bot_username',
		lgpassword: 'bot_password',
		lgtoken: loginToken,
		format: 'json'
	};

	request.post( { url: url, form: params }, function ( error, res, body ) {
		if ( error ) {
			return;
		}
		console.log( body );
	} );
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

<?php

/*
    login.php

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Login` module: Sending post request to login
    MIT license
*/

$endPoint = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params1 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "login",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "/tmp/cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "/tmp/cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params2 = [
		"action" => "login",
		"lgname" => "your_bot_username",
		"lgpassword" => "your_bot_password",
		"lgtoken" => $logintoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "/tmp/cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "/tmp/cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	echo( $output );
}

#!/usr/bin/python3

"""
    login.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Login` module: Sending post request to login
    MIT license
"""

import requests

USERNAME = "your_bot_username"
PASSWORD = "your_bot_password"

S = requests.Session()

URL = "https://www.mediawiki.org/w/api.php"

# Retrieve login token first
PARAMS_0 = {
    'action':"query",
    'meta':"tokens",
    'type':"login",
    'format':"json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_0)
DATA = R.json()

LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['logintoken']

print(LOGIN_TOKEN)

# Send a post request to login. Using the main account for login is not
# supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
# (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword

PARAMS_1 = {
    'action': "login",
    'lgname': USERNAME,
    'lgpassword': PASSWORD,
    'lgtoken': LOGIN_TOKEN,
    'format': "json"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_1)
DATA = R.json()

print(DATA)
assert DATA['login']['result'] == 'Success'

Erreurs possibles

Méthode 2. action=clientlogin

Doivent utiliser l'action clientlogin : (a) les applications interactives comme les éditeurs personnalisés ou les applications qui patrouillent fournissant un service sans avoir l'intention de se substituer complètement au site web, (b) les applications mobile qui ont pour but de remplacer complètement l'accès à l'interface utilisateur basé sur le web. Néanmoins, on peut préférer utiliser OAuth s'il est disponible pour authentifier l'outil, car il est plus facile et davantage sécurisé. Ce module est disponible depuis MediaWiki 1.27.

Documentation de l'API

La documentation qui suit est le résultat de Special:ApiHelp/clientlogin, généré automatiquement par la version pre-release de MediaWiki utilisée sur ce site (MediaWiki.org).

action=clientlogin (login)

(main | clientlogin)

• This module requires write rights.
• This module only accepts POST requests.
• Source: MediaWiki
• License: GPL-2.0-or-later

Log in to the wiki using the interactive flow.

The general procedure to use this module is:

1. Fetch the fields available from action=query&meta=authmanagerinfo with amirequestsfor=login, and a login token from action=query&meta=tokens.
2. Present the fields to the user, and obtain their submission.
3. Post to this module, supplying loginreturnurl and any relevant fields.
4. Check the status in the response.
   • If you received PASS or FAIL, you're done. The operation either succeeded or it didn't.
   • If you received UI, present the new fields to the user and obtain their submission. Then post to this module with logincontinue and the relevant fields set, and repeat step 4.
   • If you received REDIRECT, direct the user to the redirecttarget and wait for the return to loginreturnurl. Then post to this module with logincontinue and any fields passed to the return URL, and repeat step 4.
   • If you received RESTART, that means the authentication worked but we don't have a linked user account. You might treat this as UI or as FAIL.

• https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:Login

Specific parameters:

Other general parameters are available.

loginrequests

Only use these authentication requests, by the id returned from action=query&meta=authmanagerinfo with amirequestsfor=login or from a previous response from this module.

Separate values with | or alternative.

Maximum number of values is 50 (500 for clients that are allowed higher limits).

loginmessageformat

Format to use for returning messages.

One of the following values: html, none, raw, wikitext

Default: wikitext

loginmergerequestfields

Merge field information for all authentication requests into one array.

Type: boolean (details)

loginpreservestate

Preserve state from a previous failed login attempt, if possible.

Type: boolean (details)

loginreturnurl

Return URL for third-party authentication flows, must be absolute. Either this or logincontinue is required.

Upon receiving a REDIRECT response, you will typically open a browser or web view to the specified redirecttarget URL for a third-party authentication flow. When that completes, the third party will send the browser or web view to this URL. You should extract any query or POST parameters from the URL and pass them as a logincontinue request to this API module.

logincontinue

This request is a continuation after an earlier UI or REDIRECT response. Either this or loginreturnurl is required.

Type: boolean (details)

logintoken

A "login" token retrieved from action=query&meta=tokens

This parameter is required.

*

This module accepts additional parameters depending on the available authentication requests. Use action=query&meta=authmanagerinfo with amirequestsfor=login (or a previous response from this module, if applicable) to determine the requests available and the fields that they use.

Examples:

Start the process of logging in to the wiki as user Example with password ExamplePassword.

api.php?action=clientlogin&username=Example&password=ExamplePassword&loginreturnurl=http://example.org/&logintoken=123ABC [open in sandbox]

Continue logging in after a UI response for two-factor auth, supplying an OATHToken of 987654.

api.php?action=clientlogin&logincontinue=1&OATHToken=987654&logintoken=123ABC [open in sandbox]

{  
   "clientlogin":{  
      "status":"PASS",
      "username":"William"
   }
}

#!/usr/bin/python3

"""
    clientlogin.py

    MediaWiki Action API Code Samples
    Demo of `clientlogin` module: Sending post request to login

    This demo app uses Flask (a Python web development framework).

    MIT license
"""

import requests
from flask import Flask, render_template, flash, request

S = requests.Session()
URL = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"

# App config.
DEBUG = True
APP = Flask(__name__)
APP.config.from_object(__name__)
APP.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'enter_your_secret_key'


@APP.route("/", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def show_form():
    """ Render form template and handle form submission request """

    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.form['username']
        password = request.form['password']
        start_client_login(username, password)

    return render_template('clientlogin_form.html')

def start_client_login(username, password):
    """ Send a post request along with login token, user information
    and return URL to the API to log in on a wiki """

    login_token = fetch_login_token()

    response = S.post(url=URL, data={
        'action': "clientlogin",
        'username': username,
        'password': password,
        'loginreturnurl': 'http://127.0.0.1:5000/',
        'logintoken': login_token,
        'format': "json"
    })

    data = response.json()

    if data['clientlogin']['status'] == 'PASS':
        flash('Login success! Welcome, ' + data['clientlogin']['username'] + '!')
    else:
        flash('Oops! Something went wrong -- ' + data['clientlogin']['messagecode'])

def fetch_login_token():
    """ Fetch login token via `tokens` module """

    response = S.get(
        url=URL,
        params={
            'action': "query",
            'meta': "tokens",
            'type': "login",
            'format': "json"})
    data = response.json()
    return data['query']['tokens']['logintoken']

if __name__ == "__main__":
    APP.run()

<!DOCTYPE html>
  <title>MediaWiki Log in</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">

<div class="container">
  <h2>MediaWiki Log in</h2>
  <form action="" method="post" role="form">
    <div class="form-group">
      <div class="form-field">
        <div class="label-field">Username</div>
        <input name="username">
      </div>
      <div class="form-field">
        <div class="label-field">Password</div>
        <input type="password" name="password">
      </div>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Log in</button>
  </form>
  <br>
  {% with messages = get_flashed_messages(with_categories=true) %}
  {% if messages %}
  {% for message in messages %}
  <div class="alert alert-info">
    {{ message[1] }}
  </div>
  {% endfor %}
  {% endif %}
  {% endwith %}
</div>
<br>
</div>
</div>

{
    "clientlogin": {
        "status": "REDIRECT",
        "redirecttarget": "https://openid.example.net/openid-auth.php?scope=openid&response_type=code&client_id=ABC&redirect_uri=https://wiki.example.org/wiki/Special:OpenIDConnectReturn&state=XYZ123",
        "requests": [
            {
                "id": "OpenIdConnectResponseAuthenticationRequest",
                "metadata": {},
                "required": "required",
                "provider": "OpenID Connect at example.net",
                "account": "",
                "fields": {
                    "code": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "label": "OpenID Code",
                        "help": "OpenID Connect code response"
                    },
                    "state": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "label": "OpenID State",
                        "help": "OpenID Connect state response"
                    },
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

{
    "clientlogin": {
        "status": "UI",
        "message": "Two-factor authentication",
        "requests": [
            {
                "id": "TwoFactorAuthenticationRequest",
                "metadata": {},
                "required": "required",
                "provider": "",
                "account": "",
                "fields": {
                    "code": {
                        "type": "string",
                        "label": "Code",
                        "help": "Two-factor authentication code"
                    }
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

{
    "clientlogin": {
        "status": "PASS",
        "username": "Alice"
    }
}

Notes additionnelles

• Sur les wikis qui authorisent les modifications anonymes, il est possible d'éditer par l'API sans s'authentifier, mais il est fortement recommandé de le faire tout de même. Sur les wikis privés, vous devez vous identifier pour utiliser l'API, quelle que soit la fonctionnalité
• Il est recommandé de créer un compte utilisateur séparé pour votre application. Ceci est particulièrement important si votre application prend en charge la modification automatique ou si elle fait des requêtes dont la taille est grande ou qui demandent des performances intenses. Avec cela, il est facile de suivre les modifications faites par l'application et appliquer des droits spéciaux au compte de l'application.
• Si vous envoyez une requête qui doit être faite par un utilisateur connecté, ajoutez le paramètre assert=user à la requête que vous envoyez, pour vérifier si elle provient bien d'un utilisateur connecté. Si l'utilisateur n'est pas connecté, un code d'erreur assertuserfailed sera retourné. Voir API:Assert pour les détails.
• Pour vérifier si un compte possède des droits de robot, ajoutez le paramètre assert=bot à la requête. Si le compte ne possède pas les droits des robots, un code d'erreur assertbotfailed sera retourné. Voir API:Assert pour les détails.

Voir également

• API:Déconnexion
• API:Userinfo - Renvoie les informations concernant l'utilisateur actuellement connecté
• Connexion interactive avec action=clientlogin de mwapi