1P/Halley
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Comet Halley / Halley's Comet
The orbital path of Halley, against the orbits of the planets (animation)
Orionid meteor originating from Halley's Comet streaking the sky below the Milky Way and to the right of Venus
The nucleus of Halley's Comet, imaged by the Giotto probe on 14 March 1986. The dark colouration of the nucleus can be observed, as well as the jets of dust and gas erupting from its surface.
History
Before 1066
Early descriptions of Halley's comet
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From left to right, top to bottom:
1. Report of Halley's Comet by Chinese astronomers in 240 BC (Shiji);
2. Observation of Halley's Comet, recorded in cuneiform on a clay tablet between 22 and 28 September 164 BC, Babylon, Iraq;
3. Possible record of Halley's Comet's 66 AD appearance in the Talmud (b. Horayot 10a);
4. The Zuqnin Chronicle's mention of Halley's Comet in 760 AD, with an illustration that includes the relative positions of Aries, Mars and Saturn in the sky;
5. The Annals of Ulster's entry for the year 912 AD, ending with Cometis apparuit ("a comet appeared").
1. Report of Halley's Comet by Chinese astronomers in 240 BC (Shiji);
2. Observation of Halley's Comet, recorded in cuneiform on a clay tablet between 22 and 28 September 164 BC, Babylon, Iraq;
3. Possible record of Halley's Comet's 66 AD appearance in the Talmud (b. Horayot 10a);
4. The Zuqnin Chronicle's mention of Halley's Comet in 760 AD, with an illustration that includes the relative positions of Aries, Mars and Saturn in the sky;
5. The Annals of Ulster's entry for the year 912 AD, ending with Cometis apparuit ("a comet appeared").
1066
1145–1378
1531-1759
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1835
Illustrations of prior comet appearances in the January 1910 Popular Science Monthly magazine
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1682
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1759
1835
1910
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Halley's Comet in April 1910, photographed from Arequipa, Peru
A photograph of Halley's Comet taken at Yerkes Observatory on 29 May 1910
1986
Halley's Comet as seen on 21 March 1986
Animation of 1P/Halley orbit - 1986 apparition
▇ 1P/Halley · ▇ Earth · ▇ Sun
▇ 1P/Halley · ▇ Earth · ▇ Sun
Daily motion across sky during the 1986 passage of Halley's Comet
After 1986
Misc.
"I must entreat you to procure for me of Mr Flamsteed what he has observed of the Comett of 1682 particularly in the month of September, for I am more and more confirmed that we have seen that Comett now three times, since yͤ Yeare 1531, he will not deny it you, though I know he will me." —Excerpt of Halley's letter to Newton about comet's orbits (28 September 1695)
Jamaican polymath Francis Williams (portrait attributed to William Williams, circa 1760). The only contemporary illustration of an astronomer detecting the comet's return.
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