File:Light dispersion conceptual waves.gif

Summary

Description
English: Schematic animation of a continuous beam of light being dispersed by a prism. The white beam represents many wavelengths of visible light, of which 7 are shown, as they travel through a vacuum with equal speeds c. The prism causes the light to slow down, which bends its path by the process of refraction. This effect occurs more strongly in the shorter wavelengths (violet end) than in the longer wavelengths (red end), thereby dispersing the constituents. As exiting the prism, each component returns to the same original speed and is refracted again.
Explanation
This is a conceptual animation of the dispersion of light as it travels through a triangular prism.

In vacuum (shown in black), light of any wavelength will travel at a fixed speed, c. But light slows down in a different medium (such as glass or water), and light of shorter wavelengths (like indigo) will tend to travel slower than light of longer wavelengths (like red)

White light, represented here by a white beam, is actually made out of light of several frequencies (colors) travelling together. These basic frequencies of visible light are part of what we call visible spectrum, and it is only tiny part of the entire electromagnetic spectrum.

As white light enters a medium (in this case, the prism), each of its composing wavelengths will travel at a different speed in the new medium, and this change in speed is what bends the path in which light is travelling. This is the phenomenon we call refraction. The ratio between the speed of light in vacuum and the speed of light in a medium is what we call index of refraction, and this value is specific for a given wavelength and medium.

Since light of different wavelengths will change direction by a different amount, we will experience a division of white light in its composing spectral colors, represented here by colored waves. This is what we call dispersion.

Once the basic frequencies are separated in this animation, we can easily see the difference on their speeds. Red, with a long wavelength, passes through almost without any change, whereas indigo (with short wavelength) is left behind by all the other colors. However, this difference in speed does not hold in vacuum, and this can be seen on how all light exiting the prism will once again travel at the constant speed of light in vacuum.

This is all just an easy way of seeing it, so it is important to stress once again the fact that this model is not entirely accurate, and white light can't exist on its own (as can be misunderstood from the beam).

Čeština: Schematická animace rozkladu viditelného světla lomem na optickém hranolu.
Español: Animación esquemática de un haz continuo de luz dispersado por un prisma. El haz blanco representa muchas longitudes de onda de luz visible, de las cuales se muestran 7, al atravesar un vacío a la misma velocidad c. El prisma hace que la luz se ralentice, curvando su camino por el proceso de refracción. Este efecto es más pronunciado en las longitudes de onda más cortas (como el extremo violeta) que en las longitudes de onda más largas (como el extremo rojo), dispersando así los componentes. Al salir del prisma, cada componente vuelve a la misma velocidad original y se refracta nuevamente.
한국어: 스키마틱 애니메이션은 연속적인 빛의 흐름이 프리즘에 의해 분산되는 모습을 보여줍니다. 흰 빛은 여러 파장의 가시광선을 나타내며, 그 중 7가지가 표시됩니다. 이 빛은 동일한 속도 c로 진공을 통해 이동합니다. 프리즘은 빛을 느리게 하여, 굴절 과정을 통해 빛의 경로를 굴절시킵니다. 이 효과는 짧은 파장(보라색 끝)에서 더 강하게 나타나며, 긴 파장(빨간색 끝)에서는 덜 나타나 빛을 분산시킵니다. 프리즘을 통과한 후, 각 성분은 원래의 속도로 돌아가며 다시 굴절됩니다.
설명
이는 빛이 삼각형 프리즘을 통과하면서 분산되는 개념적 애니메이션입니다.

진공(검은색으로 표시)에서는 모든 파장의 빛이 일정한 속도인 c로 이동합니다. 그러나 빛은 다른 매질(예: 유리나 물)에서는 속도가 느려지며, 짧은 파장의 빛(인디고 등)은 긴 파장의 빛(빨간색 등)보다 더 느리게 이동합니다.

여기서 흰 빛은 실제로 여러 주파수(색)의 빛들이 함께 이동하는 것입니다. 이 기본적인 가시광선 주파수는 우리가 가시 스펙트럼이라고 부르는 부분에 속하며, 이는 전체 전자기 스펙트럼의 아주 작은 부분에 해당합니다.

흰 빛이 매질(이 경우 프리즘)에 들어가면, 각 구성 파장은 새로운 매질에서 서로 다른 속도로 이동하게 되며, 속도의 변화는 빛의 경로를 굴절시키게 됩니다. 이것을 우리가 굴절 현상이라고 부릅니다. 진공에서의 빛의 속도와 매질에서의 빛의 속도의 비율을 굴절률이라고 하며, 이 값은 주어진 파장과 매질에 따라 달라집니다.

다양한 파장의 빛은 서로 다른 정도로 방향을 바꾸기 때문에, 우리는 흰 빛이 구성하는 스펙트럼 색들로 나누어지는 현상을 경험하게 됩니다. 이것을 우리가 분산이라고 부릅니다.

이 애니메이션에서 기본 주파수들이 분리되면, 그들의 속도 차이를 쉽게 볼 수 있습니다. 긴 파장을 가진 빨간색은 거의 변화 없이 통과하는 반면, 짧은 파장을 가진 인디고는 다른 색들보다 뒤처지게 됩니다. 그러나 이 속도의 차이는 진공에서는 유지되지 않으며, 프리즘을 나오는 모든 빛은 다시 진공에서의 일정한 속도로 이동하게 됩니다.

이것은 단지 그 과정을 쉽게 볼 수 있는 방식이므로, 이 모델이 완전히 정확한 것은 아니며 흰 빛이 단독으로 존재할 수 없다는 점을 강조하는 것이 중요합니다(이 점은 빛의 흐름을 통해 잘못 이해될 수 있습니다).

Эрзянь: Схемань анимациясь свал апак сезне валдонь кермине, кона пансезь призмасо. Ало валдось те неявиксэв, 7 эйстэст невтезь, секс мекс сын ютыть вакуум трокс венке чиеманть марто.
Polski: Animacja schematycznie przedstawiająca rozszczepienie wiązki światła w pryzmacie. Biała wiązka reprezentuje wiele długości fal światła widzialnego, z których siedem porusza się w próżni z prędkością światła. Pryzmat powoduje spowolnienie światła, które zmienia też kierunek w wyniku refrakcji. Załamanie jest mocniejsze dla krótszych długości fal („koniec fioletowy”) niż dla dłuższych długości fal („koniec czerwony”), co powoduje rozszczepienie wiązki na poszczególne składowe. Podczas wychodzeniu z pryzmatu składowe przyspieszają do prędkości światła oraz zostają ponownie załamane.
Date
Source Own work
Author Lucas Vieira
Other versions File:Light dispersion conceptual.gif

Licensing

Public domain I, the copyright holder of this work, release this work into the public domain. This applies worldwide.
In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so:
I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law.
Category:Self-published work#Light%20dispersion%20conceptual%20waves.gifCategory:PD-self#Light%20dispersion%20conceptual%20waves.gif

Assessment

Quality image

This image has been assessed using the Quality image guidelines and is considered a Quality image.

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Category:Quality images#Light%20dispersion%20conceptual%20waves.gif
Media of the day This file was selected as the media of the day for 31 August 2019. It was captioned as follows:
English: Schematic animation of a continuous beam of light being dispersed by a prism. The white beam represents many wavelengths of visible light, of which 7 are shown, as they travel through a vacuum with equal speeds c. The prism causes the light to slow down, which bends its path by the process of refraction. This effect occurs more strongly in the shorter wavelengths (violet end) than in the longer wavelengths (red end), thereby dispersing the constituents. As exiting the prism, each component returns to the same original speed and is refracted again.
Other languages
Čeština: Schematická animace rozkladu viditelného světla lomem na optickém hranolu.
English: Schematic animation of a continuous beam of light being dispersed by a prism. The white beam represents many wavelengths of visible light, of which 7 are shown, as they travel through a vacuum with equal speeds c. The prism causes the light to slow down, which bends its path by the process of refraction. This effect occurs more strongly in the shorter wavelengths (violet end) than in the longer wavelengths (red end), thereby dispersing the constituents. As exiting the prism, each component returns to the same original speed and is refracted again.
Español: Animación esquemática de un haz continuo de luz dispersado por un prisma. El haz blanco representa muchas longitudes de onda de luz visible, de las cuales se muestran 7, al atravesar un vacío a la misma velocidad c. El prisma hace que la luz se ralentice, curvando su camino por el proceso de refracción. Este efecto es más pronunciado en las longitudes de onda más cortas (como el extremo violeta) que en las longitudes de onda más largas (como el extremo rojo), dispersando así los componentes. Al salir del prisma, cada componente vuelve a la misma velocidad original y se refracta nuevamente.
Эрзянь: Схемань анимациясь свал апак сезне валдонь кермине, кона пансезь призмасо. Ало валдось те неявиксэв, 7 эйстэст невтезь, секс мекс сын ютыть вакуум трокс венке чиеманть марто.
Polski: Animacja schematycznie przedstawiająca rozszczepienie wiązki światła w pryzmacie. Biała wiązka reprezentuje wiele długości fal światła widzialnego, z których siedem porusza się w próżni z prędkością światła. Pryzmat powoduje spowolnienie światła, które zmienia też kierunek w wyniku refrakcji. Załamanie jest mocniejsze dla krótszych długości fal („koniec fioletowy”) niż dla dłuższych długości fal („koniec czerwony”), co powoduje rozszczepienie wiązki na poszczególne składowe. Podczas wychodzeniu z pryzmatu składowe przyspieszają do prędkości światła oraz zostają ponownie załamane.

Category:Media of the day#{{{year}}}-{{{month}}}-{{{day}}}

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